System of distributing electric energy.



G. A. CARDWELL.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC ENERGY.

APPL |CAT|0N FILED DEC. 4, 1913.

Patented Oct. 10,1916.

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C. A. CARDWELL.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC ENERGY. APPLICATION FILED DNA, 1913.

1,201,145. Patented Oct. 10,1916.

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G. A. CARDWELL.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC ENERGY.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. CARDWELL, OF NEW YORK, N, Y., ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL ELECTRICDISTRIBUTER CORPORATION, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OFDELAWARE.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC ENERGY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

Application filed December 4, 1913. Serial No. 804,568.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnoncr; A. CARDWELL, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings,and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin the Systems of Distributing Electric Energy, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to a system of distributing electric energy, andthe same has for its object more particularly to provide a simple,efficient and positive means wherein bythe permutation of a minimumnumber of circuit closing devices, a maximum number of apparatus such assignals, electric devices, or electro-mechanical devices may beseverally selectively operated or controlled from a central or sendingstation.

To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends, my inventionconsists in the novel combination and arrangement of several series ofcircuits and the arrangement of several primary-circuit closing devicesand operating magnets actuated thereby, which serve to operate orcontrol the device or apparatus ultimately operated by the severalprimary circuit closing devices.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification whereinlike numerals of reference indicate like parts Fig ure 1 is adiagrammatic view showing the distributing system; four circuit closingdevices being shown with the necessary connections for actuating thethirty-six operating working magnets or signal devices, and Figs. 2 and3 jointly, constitute a diagrammatic view showing two of the circuitclosing devices, and the operating magnets or signals to be actuatedthereby, together with their necessary connections. In said Figs. 2 and3, only so much of the apparatus and connections are shown as arenecessary to actuate the two working magnets or signals.

In the said drawings I have shown at Fig. 1 in diagram a circuit systemcomprising a main circuit having four circuit clos'- ing devices, fourselecting circuits, each controlled by a number of circuit closingdevices in said main circuit, a holding circuit for maintaining one ormore of said selecting circuits closed as the remainder thereof are heldopen, and four impulse or operating circuits, each including nineoperating magnets which operate or control the apparatus finally to beselectively actuated. Three operating magnets of each operating circuitbeing controlled by one of the circuit closing devices of the maincircuit.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention as in connectionwith four groups of circuits, controlled by four main circuit closers bymeans of which thirty-six operating magnets may be controlled orenergized. It will be understood, however, that any number of groups maybe provided, and that- I have merely shown four groups herein by way ofillustration. Each of the said thirty-six operating magnets individuallycontrols an apparatus or mechanism which may be located in closeproXimity to said operating magnet or at any desired distance therefrom.

In said drawing A designates the main circuit comprising a local batteryA, conductors A A, magnets A, B, C, D, each having one terminalconnected to the conductor A, and its other terminal connected to theconductor A, and controlled by main circuit closers A. A A A which maybe operated locally bv hand. Each of the main circuit closers A, A A Acontrols a group of four preliminary circuits, and a group of fourworking circuits. Each of said four working circuits comprises threenormally closed contacts j, 7' 7' and the normally open contacts j, andsaid preliminary circuit includes three normallv closed contacts 70, is,70 and the normally open contacts 70 As the circuit closer A is operatedit will cause the magnet A to be energized which will. open the normallyclosed contacts j, 7' j 70, k is, and close the nor,- mally opencontacts 7', 70 The preliminary circuits of each of said four groupsseverally include the selecting magnets 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively, each ofwhich selecting magnets controls the operation of nine working magnetsX', XE, X X X X X X X inclusive, through contacts w to 00 inclusive. Thecontacts 0.3 to m are normally open contacts and the contacts 00 arenormally closed. Upon the first closing of the main circuit closer A theselecting magnet 1 is energized as hereinafter described as a result ofwhich the normally closed contacts 01 are opened, and the normally opencontacts to 50 are closed.

The selecting magnets 1. 2, 3, 4: are seve ally held energized by ashunt circuit hereinatter described including the magnet E which whenenergized from the local bat tery M serves to open the four normallyclosed contacts E, E E E", thereby breaking the circuit connectionsbetween the main circuit-closers and the selecting magnets. Above theseries of selecting magnets is arranged a'serics of tour ma nets 1, 2,3, 4:, which I term second impulse magnets, which are energized upon thesecond impulse, viz. after the circuit closer A has been actuated, whenone of the remaining three main circuit closers A A A is operated. Bythe closing, for example, of the circuit closer A the normally closedcontacts j, j, 7' la, 7.2, 70 of the second group will be opened, andthe normally open contacts j, a of said second group closed and themagnet 2 will be energized as hereinafter described. By energizing thesecond impulse magnet 2 the tour normally open contacts 0, 0 0 0" of thesecond group are closed, and the three normally closed contacts 77, 72,72 are opened.

Thus far the apparatus has only been operated to prepare a path for aworking circuit. Each working circuit has in its battery return a magnetG which controls the normally open contacts 7 which serve, when closed,to shunt the preliminary circuit of any one of the four groups through amagnet F which controls the normally closed contacts 5 in circuit with aresistance 6. The operation of the magnets, circuit closers and contactsof each of said four groups, when the main circuit closer for any one ofsaid groups is operated, is similar to that above described for groupsone and two.

In order to energize any one of the working magnets three impulses arerequired, which impulses are caused by operating the maincircuit-closers. The first impulse serves to select one of the groups ofnine working magnets, the second impulse serves to select a group ofthree magnets from the thus selected group, and the third impulse servesto select one of the selected group of three magnets. By way of example,I will describe .the steps necessary to operate the working magnet Xwhich is controlled by the magnet 1. In order to energize the magnet Xit is necessary to operate the main circuit-closers A, A in the order A,A A. In describing the various circuits references will be had to Figs.2 and 3 of the drawings. The closing of the main circuitcloser A for thefirst impulse will energize the magnet A from the local battery Athrough the conductors A. and A. The magnet:A attracts its armatureclosing the contacts 7', 70 and opening the contacts j, 7' j 7-3, It}and If. The flow of current from the local battery M is through thecircuit E" B, B, B contacts 71: of the fourth group, 13*, contacts is ofthe third group, B, contacts 7c of the second group, B contacts j of thefirst group, B B contacts E, B B B magnet 1, B B B contacts resistance6, B D back to the battery M. As the magnet 1 is energized it attractsits armature and breaks the circuit at contacts :0, and closes contactsm to 0: inclusive. The closing of the contacts {1J2 completes a circuitfrom the local battery M through which current will flow as follows E 6,magnet E, A, contacts 032, A, B, magnet 1, B B B contacts 5, resistance6, B", D back to the battery M. The current in this circuit willmaintain the magnet 1 energized, and will also energize the magnet E. Byenergizing the magnet E the four contacts E, E E E are opened, and asthese contacts control the circuits of the selecting magnets, theycannot now be operated by any one of the main circuit-closers. Afterthis impulse has been sent the circuit-closer A is opened allowing itsarmature to return to its normal position. The circuit-closer A is nowclosed for the second impulse as a result of which the magnet B isenergized which attracts its armature to open contacts j, of the secondgroup, and to close the contacts j, j 7' 70, 7c, and 73 of this group.Current will now flow from the battery M through the circuit E B, B, Bcontacts is of the fourth group, B, contacts 70 of the third group, B,contacts 7:; of the first group, G, contacts j of the second group, Bcontacts 00 of the second group, B B magnet 2, B contacts 7) of thefirst group, G contacts 72 of the third group, G contacts p of thefourth group, B B contacts 5, resistance 6, B", D, back to the battery.The second impulse magnet 2 is now energized and attracts its armaturethus closing contacts 0, 0 0 0*, and opening the contacts ,1), 79 77thereby breaking the circuits of the second impulse magnets 1, 3, 4. Thesecond impulse magnet 2 is maintained energized by current which passesfrom the battery M through the circuit E C, C C contacts 0 of the secondgroup, H, 13 contacts 0; of the second group, B B magnet 2, B contacts29 of the first group, G, contacts 72 of the third group, G contacts 72of the fourth group, B B contacts 5, resistance 6, B, D, back to thebattery. The first and second impulses serve to prepare a selective pathfor the current which is to operate the Working magnet X, and to preventany of the magnets 1, 2, 3, 4: or the magnets 1, 2, 4 from bemg affectedby the closing of any one of the main circuit-closers. The maincircuit-closer A is then operated for the third impulse, therebyenergizing the magnet A, and attracting its armature as hereinbeforedescribed. Current will now pass from the battery M through the circuitD D contacts j of the fourth group, D contacts 7" of the third group, Dcontacts 7" of the second group, B, contacts k of the first group, D",D, working magnet X of the first group, 1', contacts 00 of the first.group, D D D contacts 0 of the second group, which is now closed, D Dmagnet G, D, D", D, back to the battery. By means of the current flowingin this circuit the working magnet X is energized and operated, and themagnet G is also energized to close the contacts 7 thereby closing thecircuit through magnet F as follows: E 6, magnet E, A, contacts 00 ofthe first group, A B magnet 1, B B contacts 7, B magnet F, B B, D to thebat tery. The energizing of the magnet F opens the contacts 5, thusbreaking the circuits through the magnets 1, 2 and E, whereupon theparts are restored to their normal position in readiness for the nextoperation.

The operation of the circuit closers A, A as above described,constitutes what I designate herein as the signal AA A, which results inthe actuating of the operating magnet X of the first group. By thepermutation of the circuit closers A, A A A, the thirty-six operatingmagnets may be severally and selectively operated. For example, aclosing of the circuit closers A A, in the order A AA-' will operate themagnet X of the third group, and the closing of the circuit closers, A,A A in the order named, will operate the magnet X of the fourth group,and so on throughout the various permutations of which said four circuitclosers A, A, A", A are capable.

While I have shown all the operating magnets X to X inclusive, arrangedin four groups and adapted to operate in a limited or compact area, itwill nevertheless be obvious that the same may be separated from eachother and located at widely distant points and still be operable from asingle central or sending station.

Having thus described my invention, what I. claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent is,-

1. In an electric distributing system the combination of a source ofelectric energy with a plurality of groups of working magnets, maincircuit closers for operating said working magnets, selecting magnetsfor each of said groups of working magnets, second impulse magnetsadapted to be severally energized after one of said selecting magnetshas been energized and cooperating there with to prepare a circuit fromone of said main circuit closers to a predetermined working magnet, andholding circuits for maintaining energized the actuated selecting magnetand the actuated second impulse magnet until the said predeterminedworking magnet has been actuated, substantially as specified.

2. In an electric distributing system the combination of a source ofelectric energy with a series of groups of working circuits, a series ofworking magnets in circuit with each of said groups, a series ofnormally open contacts in circuit with said working magnets,a series ofselecting circuits, a se ries of normally closed contacts in circuittherewith, a series of selecting magnets in circuit with said selectingcircuits adapted severally to close the normally open contactscontrolling said groups of working magnets, a series of holding,circuits for severally maintaining energized the actuated selectingmagnet upon the energization thereof, a magnet in circuit with saidholding circuits for opening said normally closed contacts, a series ofsecond impulse magnets co-acting with said selecting magnets to preparea circuit to a pre-determined working magnet, a main circuit, a seriesof magnets connected therewith, circuit closers for actuating saidmagnets, and a plurality of series of con tacts controlled thereby,whereby upon op erating one of said circuit closers one of saidselecting magnets will be actuated to close the normally open contactsof its associated group of working magnets and to close its associatedholding circuit to energize said magnet to open said normally closedcontacts, and whereby upon operating another of said circuit closers oneof said second impulse magnets will be actuated to cooperate with saidactuated selecting magnet to prepare a circuit from one of said circuitclosers to said predetermined working magnet, substantially asspecified.

3. In an electric distributing system the combination of a source ofelectric energy with a series of groups of working circuits, a series ofworking magnets in circuit with each of said groups, a series ofnormally open contacts in circuit with said working magnets, a series ofselecting circuits, a series of normally closed contacts in circuittherewith, a series of selecting magnets in circuit with said selectingcircuits adapted se erally to close the normally open contactscontrolling said groups of working magnets, a series of holding circuitsfor severally maintaining energized the actuated selecting magnet uponthe energization thereof, a magnet in circuit with said holding circuitsfor opening said normally closed contacts, a series of second impulsemagnets co-acting with said selecting magnets to prepare a circuit to apredetermined working magnet, a main circuit, a series of magnetsconnected therewith, circuit closers for actuating said magnets, aplurality of series of contacts controlled thereby, whereby uponoperating one of said circuit closers one of said selecting magnets willbe actuated to close the normally open contacts of its associated groupof working magnets and to close its associated holding circuit toenergize said magnet to open said normally closed contacts, and wherebyupon operating another of said circuit closers one of said secondimpulse magnets will be actuated to cooperate with said actuatedselecting magnet to prepare a circuit from one of said circuit closersto said predetermined working magnet, and means restoring the system toits initial condition after said predetermined working magnet has beenactuated, substantially as specified.

at. In an electric distributing system the combination of a source ofelectric energy, with a plurality of groups of working magnets, a seriesof contacts for each group in circuit with said working magnets, aselecting magnet for each of said groups controlling the contacts forthe working magnets of its respective group, a series of circuit closerscorresponding in number to said selecting magnets for operating thesame, a plurality of selecting circuits each having a normally closedcontact therein, a magnet in circuit with said selecting magnets whichserves to open said contacts to break said selecting circuits wherebywhen one of said selecting magnets is energized by the closing of itsrespective circuit closer, the energizing of the remainder of saidselecting magnets is prevented, substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of New York, New York county, in the State of NewYork, this 19th day of November, one thousand nine hundred and thirteen.

GEORGE A. CARDXVELL. lVitnesses CONRAD A. DIETRICH, JOSEPH G. QUINN, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. C.

